/* ===========================================
   William Ngo — McKinsey Edition
   Editorial. Authoritative. Insight-driven.
   =========================================== */

:root {
  --navy: #051C2C;
  --navy-2: #0A2540;
  --navy-3: #1F3A5F;
  --white: #ffffff;
  --paper: #fafaf9;
  --gray-bg: #f4f4f1;
  --gray-line: #e4e4df;
  --gray-line-2: #cdccc6;
  --text: #051C2C;
  --text-2: #2a2a2a;
  --text-3: #6b6b6b;
  --text-4: #a0a09a;
  --gold: #B89D5E;
  --gold-dark: #9e8550;
  --accent-link: #051C2C;
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }

html, body {
  background: var(--white);
  color: var(--text);
  font-family: "Inter", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "Noto Sans TC", "PingFang TC", sans-serif;
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.5;
  font-weight: 400;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}

.serif {
  font-family: "Source Serif Pro", "Lora", "Noto Serif TC", Georgia, serif;
  font-weight: 400;
}

a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
img { max-width: 100%; display: block; }
::selection { background: var(--navy); color: var(--white); }

h1, h2, h3,
.hero-headline,
.sec-title,
.pull-quote {
  text-wrap: balance;
  overflow-wrap: break-word;
}

p,
.hero-sub,
.sec-sub,
.ic-desc,
.essay-card p,
.article-gateway p {
  text-wrap: pretty;
  overflow-wrap: break-word;
}

/* ===========================================
   NAV — McKinsey header
   =========================================== */
.nav {
  position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 100;
  background: var(--white);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-line);
}
.nav-inner {
  max-width: 1280px; margin: 0 auto;
  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between;
  height: 72px; padding: 0 32px;
}
.nav-brand {
  font-family: "Source Serif Pro", "Noto Serif TC", Georgia, serif;
  font-weight: 600; font-size: 19px;
  color: var(--navy);
  letter-spacing: -0.005em;
  line-height: 1;
}
.nav-brand small {
  display: block; font-family: "Inter", sans-serif;
  font-size: 11px; color: var(--text-3);
  font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  margin-top: 4px;
}
.nav-links {
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 16px;
}
.nav-links a {
  font-size: 13px; font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--navy);
  padding: 8px 0;
  position: relative;
  transition: color 0.2s;
}
.nav-links a:hover { color: var(--text-2); }
.nav-links a.is-active {
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--navy);
}
.nav-links .nav-articles-link {
  padding: 8px 15px;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  border-radius: 999px;
  background:
    linear-gradient(var(--white), var(--white)) padding-box,
    linear-gradient(110deg, rgba(184,157,94,0.46), rgba(255,234,174,0.98) 38%, rgba(158,133,80,0.78) 67%, rgba(255,244,205,0.9)) border-box;
  box-shadow:
    inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.7),
    0 0 0 1px rgba(184,157,94,0.08);
}
.nav-links .nav-articles-link:hover,
.nav-links .nav-articles-link.is-active {
  color: var(--navy);
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
  box-shadow:
    inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.82),
    0 8px 22px rgba(184,157,94,0.18);
}

.nav-search {
  font-size: 13px; color: var(--navy);
  font-weight: 600;
}
.nav-mobile-toggle {
  display: none; background: none; border: 0;
  cursor: pointer; padding: 6px;
  color: var(--navy);
}
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .nav-links { display: none; }
  .nav-mobile-toggle { display: block; }
  .nav.is-open .nav-links {
    display: flex; flex-direction: column;
    position: absolute; top: 72px; left: 0; right: 0;
    background: var(--white);
    padding: 16px 32px;
    gap: 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-line);
    align-items: flex-start;
  }
  .nav.is-open .nav-links a {
    padding: 14px 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-line-2);
    width: 100%;
  }
  .nav.is-open .nav-links .nav-articles-link {
    width: auto;
    min-width: 138px;
    margin-top: 10px;
    padding: 10px 18px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
  }
}

/* ===========================================
   CONTAINER & SECTION
   =========================================== */
.container {
  max-width: 1280px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 32px;
}
.container-narrow {
  max-width: 900px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 32px;
}

section { padding: 80px 0; }
section.lg { padding: 120px 0; }
section.sm { padding: 56px 0; }
section[id] { scroll-margin-top: 88px; }

/* Section header — McKinsey style */
.sec-tag {
  font-size: 12px; font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--navy);
  letter-spacing: 0.12em; text-transform: uppercase;
  margin-bottom: 18px;
  padding-bottom: 14px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--navy);
  display: inline-block;
}
.sec-tag.gold {
  color: var(--gold-dark);
  border-color: var(--gold);
}

.sec-title {
  font-family: "Source Serif Pro", "Lora", "Noto Serif TC", Georgia, serif;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: clamp(32px, 4vw, 48px);
  line-height: 1.12;
  letter-spacing: -0.015em;
  color: var(--navy);
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  max-width: 760px;
}
.sec-sub {
  font-size: 19px;
  line-height: 1.5;
  color: var(--text-2);
  max-width: 640px;
}

/* ===========================================
   HERO — McKinsey editorial
   =========================================== */
.hero {
  background: var(--navy);
  color: var(--white);
  padding: 100px 0 120px;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.hero::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0; right: 0;
  width: 40%; height: 6px;
  background: var(--gold);
}
.hero-grid {
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.4fr 1fr;
  gap: 80px; align-items: center;
}
.hero-home {
  padding: 76px 0 88px;
}
.hero-home-grid {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.55fr) minmax(300px, 0.8fr);
  gap: 72px;
  align-items: center;
}
.hero-copy {
  max-width: 820px;
}
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .hero-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 48px; }
  .hero { padding: 60px 0 80px; }
}
.hero-tag {
  font-size: clamp(16px, 1.25vw, 18px); font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--gold);
  letter-spacing: 0.06em; text-transform: none;
  margin-bottom: 26px;
  padding-bottom: 12px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(184, 157, 94, 0.4);
  display: inline-block;
}
.hero-headline {
  font-family: "Source Serif Pro", "Lora", "Noto Serif TC", Georgia, serif;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: clamp(40px, 5.5vw, 64px);
  line-height: 1.1;
  letter-spacing: -0.018em;
  color: var(--white);
  margin-bottom: 28px;
}
.hero-headline em {
  font-style: normal;
  color: var(--gold);
  font-weight: 600;
}
.hero-mobile-break { display: none; }
.hero-home-headline {
  font-size: clamp(38px, 4.4vw, 58px);
  line-height: 1.16;
  max-width: 840px;
  margin-bottom: 0;
}
.hero-tags {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 11px;
  width: min(660px, 100%);
  margin-top: 32px;
  padding: 0;
}
.hero-tags-row {
  display: contents;
}
.hero-tags-row :is(a, span) {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.86);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1;
  letter-spacing: 0.025em;
  white-space: nowrap;
  min-height: 34px;
  width: 100%;
  padding: 0 10px;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  border-radius: 999px;
  background:
    linear-gradient(var(--navy), var(--navy)) padding-box,
    linear-gradient(105deg, rgba(184,157,94,0.52), rgba(245,221,155,0.96) 38%, rgba(184,157,94,0.6) 68%, rgba(255,244,199,0.84)) border-box;
  box-shadow:
    inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.055),
    0 0 0 1px rgba(184,157,94,0.08);
}
.hero-tags-row a {
  transition: color 0.2s, transform 0.2s, box-shadow 0.2s;
}
.hero-tags-row a:hover {
  color: var(--white);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
  box-shadow:
    inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.08),
    0 0 0 1px rgba(184,157,94,0.18),
    0 8px 18px rgba(0,0,0,0.18);
}
.hero-role {
  width: min(660px, 100%);
  margin-top: 28px;
  font-size: clamp(13px, 1vw, 15px);
  line-height: 1.65;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.76);
  letter-spacing: 0.025em;
}
.hero-role a {
  color: rgba(245,221,155,0.96);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(184,157,94,0.62);
  padding-bottom: 2px;
  transition: color 0.2s, border-color 0.2s;
}
.hero-role a:hover {
  color: var(--gold);
  border-bottom-color: var(--gold);
}
.hero-role-gap {
  display: inline-block;
  width: 0.8em;
}
.hero-role-pipe {
  color: rgba(245,221,155,0.72);
  margin: 0;
}
.hero-role-unit {
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.hero-sub {
  font-size: 19px;
  line-height: 1.55;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.86);
  max-width: 540px;
  margin-bottom: 32px;
}
.hero-sub + .hero-sub {
  margin-top: -12px;
}
.hero-portrait-panel {
  justify-self: end;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 360px;
}
.hero-portrait {
  width: 100%; max-width: 380px;
  aspect-ratio: 4/5;
  object-fit: cover;
  filter: contrast(1.02) saturate(1.04);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
}
.hero-media {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 520px;
  justify-self: end;
}
.hero-media img {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 16/10;
  object-fit: cover;
  filter: brightness(1.62) contrast(0.94) saturate(1.16);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.12);
}
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .hero-media {
    max-width: none;
    justify-self: stretch;
  }
  .hero-home {
    padding: 40px 0 40px;
  }
  .hero-home-grid {
    gap: 30px;
  }
  .hero-home-headline {
    font-size: clamp(34px, 10vw, 46px);
    line-height: 1.18;
  }
  .hero-tags {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 8px;
    width: 100%;
    margin-top: 22px;
    padding: 0;
  }
  .hero-tags-row {
    display: contents;
  }
  .hero-tags-row :is(a, span) {
    min-height: 28px;
    padding: 0 8px;
    font-size: clamp(10.8px, 2.8vw, 11.5px);
    letter-spacing: 0;
  }
  .hero-role {
    margin-top: 22px;
    font-size: 12.5px;
    line-height: 1.6;
    letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  }
  .hero-mobile-break { display: block; }
  .hero-portrait-panel {
    justify-self: stretch;
    max-width: 280px;
  }
}

/* Positioning section */
.positioning-section {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-line);
}
.positioning-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(360px, 0.95fr) minmax(0, 1.25fr);
  gap: 64px;
  align-items: start;
}
.positioning-title {
  font-family: "Source Serif Pro", "Lora", "Noto Serif TC", Georgia, serif;
  font-size: clamp(32px, 3.15vw, 42px);
  line-height: 1.3;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -0.006em;
  color: var(--navy);
}
.positioning-copy {
  max-width: 760px;
}
.positioning-copy p {
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.95;
  letter-spacing: 0.012em;
  color: var(--text-2);
  margin-bottom: 0;
}
.positioning-copy p + p {
  margin-top: 28px;
}
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .positioning-section.sm {
    padding: 44px 0;
  }
  .positioning-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 28px;
  }
  .positioning-copy p {
    font-size: 16px;
    line-height: 1.9;
    letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  }
  .positioning-copy p + p {
    margin-top: 24px;
  }
}

/* ===========================================
   LINK — McKinsey arrow link
   =========================================== */
.mk-link {
  font-size: 15px; font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--navy);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--navy);
  padding-bottom: 4px;
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px;
  transition: gap 0.25s;
}
.mk-link:hover { gap: 12px; }
.mk-link::after {
  content: "→";
  font-weight: 400;
  transition: transform 0.25s;
}
.mk-link.large { font-size: 17px; }
.mk-link.white {
  color: var(--white);
  border-bottom-color: var(--white);
}
.mk-link.gold {
  color: var(--gold);
  border-bottom-color: var(--gold);
}

.mk-button {
  display: inline-block;
  background: var(--navy);
  color: var(--white);
  padding: 14px 28px;
  font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  border: 0; cursor: pointer;
  font-family: inherit;
  transition: background 0.2s;
}
.mk-button:hover { background: var(--navy-2); }

/* ===========================================
   GRID & CARDS — Editorial layout
   =========================================== */
.card-grid {
  display: grid; gap: 40px;
}
.card-grid.two { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
.card-grid.three { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); }
.card-grid.four { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); }
.stats-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 34px;
}
.stat-block {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--gray-line);
  padding-top: 22px;
}
.stat-block .sv {
  font-family: "Source Serif Pro", "Noto Serif TC", Georgia, serif;
  font-size: clamp(34px, 4vw, 56px);
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1;
  color: var(--navy);
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}
.stat-block .sl {
  margin-top: 12px;
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.55;
  color: var(--text-2);
}
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .card-grid.two, .card-grid.three, .card-grid.four { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .stats-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
}
@media (min-width: 901px) and (max-width: 1100px) {
  .card-grid.three, .card-grid.four { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
}

/* Editorial capability layout — mirrors the economic essays page */
section:not(#articles) .card-grid {
  gap: 0 48px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--gray-line);
  margin-top: 54px !important;
}
section:not(#articles) .card-grid.two,
section:not(#articles) .card-grid.three,
section:not(#articles) .card-grid.four {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
}
section:not(#articles) .card-grid > div {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  padding: 34px 0 38px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-line);
}
section:not(#articles) .card-grid > div:nth-child(odd) {
  padding-right: 34px;
}
section:not(#articles) .card-grid > div:nth-child(even) {
  padding-left: 20px;
}
section:not(#articles) .card-grid > div > h3 {
  order: 2;
  font-family: "Source Serif Pro", "Lora", "Noto Serif TC", Georgia, serif !important;
  font-size: clamp(25px, 2.4vw, 34px) !important;
  line-height: 1.2 !important;
  font-weight: 600 !important;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em !important;
  color: var(--navy) !important;
  margin: 0 0 18px !important;
}
section:not(#articles) .card-grid > div > p {
  order: 3;
  color: var(--text-2) !important;
  font-size: 16px !important;
  line-height: 1.82 !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
}
section:not(#articles) .card-grid > div > p + p {
  margin-top: 18px !important;
}
section:not(#articles) .card-grid > div > p[style*="letter-spacing"] {
  order: 1;
  font-family: "Inter", "Noto Sans TC", sans-serif !important;
  font-size: 12px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.35 !important;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em !important;
  text-transform: uppercase !important;
  color: var(--gold-dark) !important;
  margin: 0 0 12px !important;
}

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  section:not(#articles) .card-grid.two,
  section:not(#articles) .card-grid.three,
  section:not(#articles) .card-grid.four {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
  section:not(#articles) .card-grid > div,
  section:not(#articles) .card-grid > div:nth-child(odd),
  section:not(#articles) .card-grid > div:nth-child(even) {
    padding-left: 0;
    padding-right: 0;
  }
}

.stream-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 32px;
  margin-top: 48px;
}
.stream-card {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 88px 1fr;
  gap: 28px;
  padding: 34px 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--gray-line);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-line);
  color: var(--navy);
}
.stream-card + .stream-card {
  border-left: 1px solid var(--gray-line);
  padding-left: 32px;
}
.stream-index {
  font-family: "Source Serif Pro", "Noto Serif TC", Georgia, serif;
  font-size: 52px;
  line-height: 1;
  color: var(--gold);
}
.stream-kicker {
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.13em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--text-3);
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.stream-card h3 {
  font-family: "Source Serif Pro", "Noto Serif TC", Georgia, serif;
  font-size: clamp(28px, 3vw, 38px);
  line-height: 1.15;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}
.stream-card p {
  color: var(--text-2);
  line-height: 1.72;
  margin-bottom: 22px;
}

.method-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(5, minmax(0, 1fr));
  border-top: 1px solid var(--gray-line);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-line);
  margin-top: 50px;
}
.method-card {
  padding: 30px 24px 34px;
  border-right: 1px solid var(--gray-line);
}
.method-card:last-child { border-right: 0; }
.method-card .method-index {
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  color: var(--gold-dark);
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}
.method-card h3 {
  font-family: "Source Serif Pro", "Noto Serif TC", Georgia, serif;
  font-size: 22px;
  line-height: 1.25;
  color: var(--navy);
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}
.method-card p {
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.72;
  color: var(--text-2);
}

.proof-list {
  display: grid;
  gap: 22px;
  margin-top: 42px;
}
.proof-item {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 180px 1fr;
  gap: 32px;
  padding: 24px 0;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.18);
}
.proof-item:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.18); }
.proof-item h3 {
  font-family: "Source Serif Pro", "Noto Serif TC", Georgia, serif;
  font-size: 22px;
  line-height: 1.25;
  color: var(--white);
}
.proof-item p {
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.82);
  line-height: 1.75;
}

.brief-rail {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.1fr) minmax(280px, 0.9fr);
  gap: 48px;
  align-items: start;
}
.brief-note {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--gray-line);
  padding-top: 24px;
  color: var(--text-2);
  line-height: 1.7;
}
.topic-list {
  display: grid;
  gap: 18px;
}
.topic-item {
  padding: 20px 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--gray-line);
}
.topic-item:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-line); }
.topic-item h3 {
  font-family: "Source Serif Pro", "Noto Serif TC", Georgia, serif;
  font-size: 21px;
  line-height: 1.25;
  color: var(--navy);
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}
.topic-item p {
  color: var(--text-2);
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.65;
}

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .stream-grid,
  .brief-rail {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
  .stream-card,
  .stream-card + .stream-card {
    grid-template-columns: 64px 1fr;
    padding: 26px 0;
    border-left: 0;
  }
  .stream-index {
    font-size: 38px;
  }
  .method-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
  .method-card {
    border-right: 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-line);
  }
  .method-card:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
  .proof-item {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 12px;
  }
}

/* McKinsey Insight Card */
.insight-card {
  display: flex; flex-direction: column;
  color: inherit;
}
.insight-card .ic-image {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 16/10;
  background-color: var(--navy);
  background-image: var(--article-image, url("generated/insights-editorial.webp"));
  background-position: center;
  background-size: cover;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  position: relative; overflow: hidden;
}
.insight-card .ic-image::before {
  content: ''; position: absolute; inset: 0;
  background:
    linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(5,28,44,0.12) 0%, rgba(31,58,95,0.01) 58%),
    linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(5,28,44,0) 34%, rgba(5,28,44,0.38) 100%);
}
.insight-card .ic-image.visual-ai,
.insight-card[data-cat*="ai"] .ic-image {
  --article-image: url("generated/ai-regulated-finance.webp");
}
.insight-card .ic-image.visual-hr,
.insight-card[data-cat*="hr"] .ic-image {
  --article-image: url("generated/hr-tech-assessment.webp");
}
.insight-card .ic-image.visual-fintech,
.insight-card[data-cat*="fintech"] .ic-image {
  --article-image: url("generated/fintech-transformation.webp");
}
.insight-card .ic-image.visual-data,
.insight-card[data-cat*="data"] .ic-image {
  --article-image: url("generated/data-insights-network.webp");
}
.insight-card .ic-image .ic-image-text {
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 24px; left: 24px; right: 24px;
  font-family: "Source Serif Pro", "Noto Serif TC", Georgia, serif;
  font-size: 24px; font-weight: 600;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.92);
  line-height: 1.2;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  text-shadow: 0 2px 14px rgba(5,28,44,0.62);
}
.insight-card .ic-image .ic-image-num {
  position: absolute;
  top: 24px; left: 24px;
  font-family: "Source Serif Pro", serif;
  font-size: 48px; font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--gold);
  line-height: 1;
  text-shadow: 0 2px 14px rgba(5,28,44,0.52);
}
.insight-card .ic-tag {
  font-size: 12px; font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text-3);
  letter-spacing: 0.1em; text-transform: uppercase;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}
.insight-card .ic-card-top {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 12px;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}
.insight-card .ic-card-top .ic-tag { margin-bottom: 0; }
.insight-card .ic-date {
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  font-family: "Inter", "Noto Sans TC", sans-serif;
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--gold);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
}
.insight-card .ic-title {
  font-family: "Source Serif Pro", "Noto Serif TC", Georgia, serif;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 22px;
  line-height: 1.25;
  letter-spacing: -0.005em;
  color: var(--navy);
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}
.insight-card.large .ic-title { font-size: 28px; }
.insight-card .ic-desc {
  font-size: 15px;
  line-height: 1.5;
  color: var(--text-2);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  flex-grow: 1;
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-line-clamp: 3;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.insight-card .ic-meta {
  font-size: 12px; color: var(--text-3);
  display: flex; gap: 12px;
}
.insight-card:hover .ic-title { text-decoration: underline; }

/* ===========================================
   FEATURE BLOCK (large editorial)
   =========================================== */
.feature-block {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 64px;
  align-items: center;
}
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .feature-block { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 32px; }
}
.feature-block.reverse > div:first-child { order: 2; }
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .feature-block.reverse > div:first-child { order: 1; }
}
.feature-block .fb-image {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 4/3;
  background: var(--navy);
  position: relative; overflow: hidden;
}
.feature-block .fb-image.visual-ai { background: var(--navy) url("generated/ai-regulated-finance.webp") center/cover no-repeat; }
.feature-block .fb-image.visual-fintech { background: var(--navy) url("generated/fintech-transformation.webp") center/cover no-repeat; }
.feature-block .fb-image.visual-perspectives { background: var(--navy) url("generated/perspectives-map.webp") center/cover no-repeat; }
.feature-block .fb-image.visual-ai,
.feature-block .fb-image.visual-fintech,
.feature-block .fb-image.visual-perspectives {
  background-color: var(--navy);
}
.feature-block .fb-image.gradient::before {
  content: ''; position: absolute; inset: 0;
  background:
    linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(5,28,44,0.16) 0%, rgba(31,58,95,0.02) 58%),
    linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(5,28,44,0) 36%, rgba(5,28,44,0.5) 100%);
}
.feature-block .fb-image .fb-num {
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 32px; left: 32px;
  font-family: "Source Serif Pro", serif;
  font-size: 72px; font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--gold);
  line-height: 1;
  text-shadow: 0 2px 18px rgba(5,28,44,0.56);
}
.feature-block .fb-image .fb-cap {
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 32px; right: 32px;
  font-size: 11px; font-weight: 600;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.7);
  letter-spacing: 0.1em; text-transform: uppercase;
  text-shadow: 0 2px 12px rgba(5,28,44,0.62);
}

/* ===========================================
   EXPERTISE STRIP
   =========================================== */
.expertise-section {
  background: var(--white);
}
.expertise-head {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(240px, 0.8fr) minmax(0, 1.2fr);
  gap: 56px;
  align-items: end;
  margin-bottom: 36px;
}
.expertise-head .sec-tag {
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}
.expertise-head h2 {
  font-family: "Source Serif Pro", "Lora", "Noto Serif TC", Georgia, serif;
  font-size: clamp(36px, 4vw, 52px);
  line-height: 1.12;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -0.012em;
  color: var(--navy);
}
.expertise-intro {
  max-width: 720px;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--text-2);
  font-size: clamp(17px, 1.4vw, 20px);
  line-height: 1.9;
  letter-spacing: 0.012em;
}
.expertise-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--gray-line);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-line);
}
.expertise-card {
  min-height: 132px;
  padding: 30px 26px;
  border-right: 1px solid var(--gray-line);
  color: var(--navy);
  text-decoration: none;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: flex-start;
  gap: 18px;
  transition: background 180ms ease, color 180ms ease, transform 180ms ease;
}
.expertise-card:hover,
.expertise-card:focus-visible {
  background: var(--navy);
  color: var(--white);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  outline: 0;
}
.expertise-card:hover .expertise-desc,
.expertise-card:focus-visible .expertise-desc {
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.78);
}
.expertise-card:hover .expertise-title,
.expertise-card:focus-visible .expertise-title {
  color: var(--white);
}
.expertise-card:hover .expertise-index,
.expertise-card:focus-visible .expertise-index {
  color: var(--gold);
}
.expertise-card:nth-child(3n) {
  border-right: 0;
}
.expertise-card:nth-child(-n+3) {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-line);
}
.expertise-index {
  font-family: "Inter", "Noto Sans TC", sans-serif;
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  color: var(--gold-dark);
}
.expertise-title {
  font-family: "Source Serif Pro", "Noto Serif TC", Georgia, serif;
  font-size: clamp(20px, 1.7vw, 26px);
  line-height: 1.25;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -0.006em;
  color: var(--navy);
}
.expertise-desc {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--text-2);
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.65;
}
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .expertise-head {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 20px;
    margin-bottom: 28px;
  }
  .expertise-intro {
    font-size: 16px;
    line-height: 1.85;
  }
  .expertise-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  }
  .expertise-card {
    min-height: 118px;
    padding: 22px 18px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-line);
  }
  .expertise-card:nth-child(3n) {
    border-right: 1px solid var(--gray-line);
  }
  .expertise-card:nth-child(2n) {
    border-right: 0;
  }
  .expertise-card:nth-last-child(-n+2) {
    border-bottom: 0;
  }
  .expertise-title {
    font-size: 20px;
  }
}

/* ===========================================
   ARTICLE GATEWAY — flowing gold outline
   =========================================== */
.article-gateway-section {
  background: var(--gray-bg);
  padding-top: 52px;
  padding-bottom: 52px;
}
.article-gateway {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.1fr) minmax(240px, 0.8fr) auto;
  gap: 28px;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 30px 34px;
  border: 1.5px solid transparent;
  border-radius: 999px;
  background:
    linear-gradient(var(--white), var(--white)) padding-box,
    linear-gradient(115deg, rgba(184,157,94,0.34), rgba(255,237,184,1) 28%, rgba(184,157,94,0.82) 56%, rgba(255,246,211,0.96) 78%, rgba(158,133,80,0.58)) border-box;
  color: var(--navy);
  box-shadow: 0 18px 44px rgba(5,28,44,0.06);
  transition: transform 180ms ease, box-shadow 180ms ease;
}
.article-gateway:hover,
.article-gateway:focus-visible {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 24px 58px rgba(5,28,44,0.1), 0 0 0 1px rgba(184,157,94,0.1);
  outline: 0;
}
.article-gateway-kicker {
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.13em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--gold-dark);
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}
.article-gateway h2 {
  font-family: "Source Serif Pro", "Noto Serif TC", Georgia, serif;
  font-size: clamp(25px, 2.7vw, 36px);
  line-height: 1.18;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  margin: 0;
}
.article-gateway p {
  color: var(--text-2);
  line-height: 1.7;
  margin: 0;
}
.article-gateway span {
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 700;
  white-space: nowrap;
  color: var(--navy);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gold);
  padding-bottom: 4px;
}
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .article-gateway {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    border-radius: 28px;
    padding: 28px 24px;
    gap: 18px;
  }
  .article-gateway span {
    justify-self: start;
  }
}

/* ===========================================
   ECONOMIC ESSAYS
   =========================================== */
.essay-intro {
  margin-top: 42px;
  color: var(--text-2);
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.9;
}
.essay-intro p + p {
  margin-top: 24px;
}
.essay-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 0 48px;
  margin-top: 54px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--gray-line);
}
.essay-card {
  padding: 34px 0 38px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-line);
}
.essay-card:nth-child(odd) {
  padding-right: 20px;
}
.essay-card:nth-child(even) {
  padding-left: 20px;
}
.essay-kicker {
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--gold-dark);
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}
.essay-card h3 {
  font-family: "Source Serif Pro", "Noto Serif TC", Georgia, serif;
  font-size: clamp(25px, 2.4vw, 34px);
  line-height: 1.2;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  color: var(--navy);
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}
.essay-card p {
  color: var(--text-2);
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.82;
  margin: 0;
}
.essay-card p + p {
  margin-top: 20px;
}
.essay-reflection {
  font-family: "Source Serif Pro", "Noto Serif TC", Georgia, serif;
  font-size: 18px !important;
  line-height: 1.58 !important;
  color: var(--navy) !important;
  padding-left: 18px;
  border-left: 3px solid var(--gold);
}
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .essay-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 0;
  }
  .essay-card,
  .essay-card:nth-child(odd),
  .essay-card:nth-child(even) {
    padding-left: 0;
    padding-right: 0;
  }
}

/* ===========================================
   CONTACT
   =========================================== */
.contact-copy {
  max-width: 760px;
  margin: 28px auto 0;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.84);
  font-size: clamp(18px, 1.8vw, 22px);
  line-height: 1.85;
}
.contact-copy p {
  margin: 0;
}
.contact-copy p + p {
  margin-top: 16px;
}
.contact-email {
  color: var(--gold);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(184,157,94,0.72);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
}
.contact-copy .contact-email {
  display: inline-block;
  font-size: clamp(22px, 2.4vw, 30px);
  line-height: 1.25;
}
.contact-email:hover {
  color: #f1d98d;
  border-bottom-color: #f1d98d;
}

/* ===========================================
   ARTICLE PAGE
   =========================================== */
.article-hero {
  background: var(--navy);
  color: var(--white);
  padding: 80px 0 60px;
  position: relative;
  border-bottom: 6px solid var(--gold);
}
.article-hero .ar-tag {
  font-size: 12px; font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--gold);
  letter-spacing: 0.15em; text-transform: uppercase;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.article-hero h1 {
  font-family: "Source Serif Pro", "Noto Serif TC", Georgia, serif;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: clamp(32px, 4.5vw, 52px);
  line-height: 1.15;
  letter-spacing: -0.018em;
  color: var(--white);
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  max-width: 900px;
}
.article-hero .ar-meta {
  display: flex; gap: 24px; flex-wrap: wrap;
  font-size: 13px;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.78);
}
.article-hero .ar-meta strong { color: var(--white); font-weight: 600; }

.article-visual {
  padding: 40px 0 0;
  background: var(--paper);
}
.article-visual img {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 16/10;
  object-fit: cover;
  border: 1px solid var(--gray-line);
}

.article-body {
  padding: 64px 0;
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.72;
  color: var(--text-2);
  max-width: 720px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}
.article-body p {
  margin-bottom: 22px;
}
.article-body p:first-of-type::first-letter {
  font-family: "Source Serif Pro", "Noto Serif TC", Georgia, serif;
  float: left;
  font-size: 72px;
  line-height: 0.85;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--navy);
  margin: 8px 12px 0 0;
}
.article-body h2 {
  font-family: "Source Serif Pro", "Noto Serif TC", Georgia, serif;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 28px;
  line-height: 1.25;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  color: var(--navy);
  margin: 48px 0 20px;
}
.article-body h3 {
  font-family: "Source Serif Pro", "Noto Serif TC", Georgia, serif;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 22px;
  line-height: 1.3;
  color: var(--navy);
  margin: 36px 0 16px;
}
.article-body blockquote {
  border-left: 3px solid var(--gold);
  padding: 8px 0 8px 24px;
  margin: 28px 0;
  font-family: "Source Serif Pro", "Noto Serif TC", Georgia, serif;
  font-size: 19px;
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--navy);
  line-height: 1.5;
}
.article-body ul, .article-body ol {
  margin: 0 0 22px 24px;
}
.article-body li { margin-bottom: 8px; }
.article-body a {
  color: var(--navy);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--navy);
}
.article-body strong { color: var(--navy); font-weight: 600; }

.article-back {
  font-size: 13px; font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text-3);
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  display: inline-block;
}
.article-back:hover { color: var(--navy); }

/* ===========================================
   FOOTER — McKinsey style
   =========================================== */
.site-footer {
  background: #031624;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.78);
  padding: 64px 0 32px;
  font-size: 13px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(184,157,94,0.28);
}
.footer-inner {
  max-width: 1280px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 32px;
}
.footer-grid {
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 48px;
  padding-bottom: 48px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.15);
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .footer-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
}
.footer-grid h5 {
  font-size: 13px; font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--white);
  margin-bottom: 14px;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}
.footer-grid a {
  display: block;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.65);
  padding: 5px 0;
  font-size: 13px;
}
.footer-grid a:hover { color: var(--white); }
.footer-meta {
  display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 16px; flex-wrap: wrap;
  font-size: 12px;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.5);
}
.footer-brand {
  font-family: "Source Serif Pro", "Noto Serif TC", Georgia, serif;
  font-weight: 600; font-size: 18px;
  color: var(--white);
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}
.footer-intro {
  line-height: 1.6;
  margin: 0;
}
.footer-intro a {
  display: inline;
  padding: 0;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.78);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(184,157,94,0.58);
}
.footer-intro a:hover {
  color: var(--white);
}
.footer-current {
  margin-top: 8px;
}

/* ===========================================
   QUOTE / PULL QUOTE
   =========================================== */
.pull-quote {
  font-family: "Source Serif Pro", "Noto Serif TC", Georgia, serif;
  font-size: clamp(26px, 3.6vw, 40px);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-style: italic;
  line-height: 1.25;
  color: var(--navy);
  text-align: center;
  max-width: 880px; margin: 0 auto;
  letter-spacing: -0.005em;
}
.pull-quote::before, .pull-quote::after {
  content: '"';
  color: var(--gold);
  font-size: 1.3em;
}
.quote-band {
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(194, 160, 84, 0.45);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(194, 160, 84, 0.45);
}
.quote-band .pull-quote {
  color: var(--white);
  font-size: clamp(30px, 4.5vw, 58px);
  line-height: 1.35;
  max-width: 980px;
}
.quote-band.paper .pull-quote {
  color: var(--navy);
}
.quote-author {
  text-align: center;
  margin-top: 34px;
  font-size: 13px;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.58);
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
}
.quote-band.paper .quote-author {
  color: var(--text-3);
}
@media (max-width: 700px) {
  section { padding: 62px 0; }
  section.lg { padding: 82px 0; }
  section.sm { padding: 46px 0; }

  .container,
  .container-narrow,
  .footer-inner {
    padding-left: 22px;
    padding-right: 22px;
  }

  .hero-headline {
    font-size: clamp(34px, 9.2vw, 44px);
    line-height: 1.18;
  }

  .hero-sub {
    font-size: 16px;
    line-height: 1.7;
    max-width: none;
  }

  .sec-title {
    font-size: clamp(28px, 8vw, 38px);
    line-height: 1.2;
  }

  .sec-sub {
    font-size: 16px;
    line-height: 1.72;
  }

  .quote-band .pull-quote {
    font-size: clamp(28px, 8vw, 40px);
    line-height: 1.42;
  }
}

/* ===========================================
   FILTER PILLS
   =========================================== */
.filter-bar {
  display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px;
  margin-bottom: 48px;
  padding-bottom: 32px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-line);
}
.filter-pill {
  font-size: 13px; font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text-2);
  background: transparent;
  border: 1px solid var(--gray-line-2);
  padding: 10px 18px;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-family: inherit;
  transition: all 0.2s;
}
.filter-pill:hover { border-color: var(--navy); }
.filter-pill.is-active {
  background: var(--navy);
  color: var(--white);
  border-color: var(--navy);
}

/* ===========================================
   SECTION DARK
   =========================================== */
section.dark {
  background: var(--navy);
  color: var(--white);
}
section.dark .sec-tag {
  color: var(--gold);
  border-color: var(--gold);
}
section.dark .sec-title { color: var(--white); }
section.dark .sec-sub { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.84); }
section.dark .mk-link { color: var(--gold); border-color: var(--gold); }
section.gray { background: var(--gray-bg); }
section.paper { background: var(--paper); }